Journal Topics Involving Different Perspectives

Writing in classroom journals is one powerful strategy to get students to respond to literature, gain writing fluency, or increase dialogue in writing with another student or the teacher.  Journal writing is a great way for students to stretch their thinking and look at things from different perspectives. Most journal writing is done in the first-person point of view, using  I. Journal writing can also be from an omniscient point of view, with the writing is done from an all-knowing perspective. The following topics cause the writer to predict or try to things from an unusual perspective. These may be highly creative, such as describe the events of yesterday from the perspective of your hair. Journal Topics on Perspective Students should have fun as they stretch themselves for these journal writing topics. What one non-living item would you take from your house if it caught on fire?Which five of these things (make a list) would you take from your house if it caught fire?Pretend you met an alien and explain school to him/her/it.Set your clocks ahead to the beginning of next school year. Where are you and what are you be doing?What would you do with a million dollars? List five things you would buy.Youve landed on another planet. Tell the inhabitants all about the earth.Youve gone 500 years back in time. Explain plumbing, electricity, cars, windows, air conditioning and other conveniences to those you meet.What animal would you be? Why?If you were your teacher, how would you treat you?Describe a day in the life of (choose an animal).Describe how you feel at the dentists office.Write about the time as a child you played in a place you thought was magical: a treehouse, a cornfield, a construction site, a junkyard, an abandoned house or barn, a stream, a playground, a swamp, or a pasture.De scribe the perfect place for you.What if your teacher fell asleep in class?Describe the life of your locker.Describe the life of your shoe.If you could live anywhere, what would you choose?If you were invisible, what would you do first?Describe your life five, ten, and then fifteen years from now.How would do you think your parents views would change if they walked in your shoes for a week?Describe your desk in complete detail. Focus on all sides and angles.List twenty-five uses for a toothbrush.Describe a toaster from the inside.Assume you are the last person on earth and have been granted one wish. What would it be?Imagine a world that contained no written language. What would be different?If you could step back in time to relive one day, what would you do differently?You discover you have only six weeks to live. What would you do and why?Imagine you are 30 years old. How will you describe yourself as you are today?Describe how you would feel if you were YOUR parent. What would yo u do differently?Describe how you would feel if you were YOUR teacher. What would you do differently?What would you do if you were locked inside your favorite department store overnightWhat would you do it all the electricity in the world just stopped?  Ã‚  What would you do if you could travel free anyplace in the world?  You being chased by a villain or villainous group through an abandoned warehouse.  Why?Consider the phrase ‘If I’d known then what I know now, I never would have†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Ã‚  Finish this sentence: Thats what happens when you follow your heart...Have you ever faced a difficult situation that required making adjustments? What adjustments did you make?The local TV reporter holds a microphone under your nose and says, Channel 14 is doing a survey. Wed like to know: What really matters to you?Describe the group you most identify with and tell why the members of that group might identify with you.  Would you like to be famous? Why or why not? W hat would you like to be famous for?What advice would you give to someone who stole something but now feels guilty?How do you define beauty? What things do you think are beautiful?If you were a fly on the wall in your house, what would you see your family doing?Script your acceptance speech for an award you never thought you would receive.Script your response to a surprise party...when you already knew about the surprise.Write a letter to a character in a Disney movie.  What do you plan to say to a friend who borrows things from you but never returns them?Write from the perspective of a ghost. What frightens you?We often dont know our own strength until something really gets in our way. Write about a time when you stood your ground.List ways you can entertain your friends without spending any money.

Fahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury - 1780 Words

The book Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury is a science fiction book that shows the effects of science and technology in the society. Technology is the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes and solutions of a specific problem (Mooney, 2016). The author writes about some technologies that are similar to the ones that were invented years after the book was written. Some of these technologies include the Bluetooth headsets, ear buds, electronic surveillance, large flat screen televisions, the aeromovel, self-driving cars, fingerprint or eye identification software, and electronic surveillance. Besides, that the book has explained critically how the technologies have affected the society in general. One of the technologies the author writes about before it was invented is the silent air-propelled train. Montag boards it on his way from work. The train slides soundlessly down its lubricated flue in the earth and lets him out with a great puff of warm air (Bradbury 12). This technology resembles the aeromovel, i.e. a train that uses air propulsion to move people and other things from one place to another. It was invented on April 20, 1989 by Oskar Coester and has been in use since then (Lynch). The aeromovel is similar to the silent air-propelled trains in the book as it is powered by atmospheric pressure where pressurized air is pushed through a duct to propel the train forward. The other technology mentioned in the book is one that resembles the largeShow MoreRelatedFahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury719 Words   |  3 PagesThe flash point of paper, or the temperature at which paper will burst in flames, is 451 degrees Fahrenheit. In Fahrenheit 451, written by Ray Bradbury, the main character, Guy Montag, is a â€Å"fireman† in a futuristic society where he and his coworkers start fires, rather than put them out. Books are banned and burned, along with the owner of the book’s house and sometimes even the owner of the book, upon discovery. Technology has taken over in a sense that social interaction between the average personRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1952 Words   |  8 Pagesis clearly displayed in the plight of Ray Bradbury’s novel about a dystopian American society, Fahrenheit 451, which contains many ideas and bits of content that some people believed should be censored. In fact, one of the reasons that this novel was cens ored for displaying the dangers of censorship, which is both extremely ironic, and telling as to where this society is going. Thanks to several distributors and oversensitive parents and teachers, Fahrenheit 451 has been banned in many schools overRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury954 Words   |  4 Pages In Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury, the author uses allegory (often misinterpreted by readers) to show the dangers of mass media consumption and the decline of reading traditional media. Many readers draw incorrect conclusions (lessons learned) from the book due to how generally the book applies its theme. Government censorship, though an important topic, is not the intended focus of the novel Fahrenheit 451. Finally, Bradbury’s original message of the book shows the beauty of traditional media andRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1592 Words   |  7 PagesWhen writing the introduction to Fahrenheit 451, author Neil Gaiman stated that â€Å"ideas--written ideas- -are special. They are the way we transmit our stories and our thoughts from one generation to the next. If we lose them, we lose our shared history†. Gaiman is absolutely correct; especially because what he is saying heavily applies to books. Books are a critical aspect in shaping humanity as a whole, they create and share a network of creative ideas, history, and overall entertainment; to loseRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury918 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Fahrenheit 451,† written by Ray Bradbury, is a futuristic, dystopian novel based upon a society secluded by technology and ignorance. In this future society, books are outlawed and firemen are presented with the task of burning books that are found in people’s homes. Montag, a fireman, finds himself intrigued with the books, and begins to take them home and read them. As the story progresses, Montag learns the truth behind why books are outlawed and flees his city to join the last remnants of age-oldRea d MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury847 Words   |  4 PagesSet Knowledge On Fire The book Fahrenheit 451 is a postmodern work by Ray Bradbury first published in 1951. In Bradbury’s story, all books are illegal and are subject to be burned by firemen. Furthermore, the two predominant themes of Fahrenheit 451 are censorship and ignorance. The censorship implemented over the years removes all information from society that is necessary to learn, which accomplishes to prevent people from questioning anything. The ignorance of society has been fostered and theRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1661 Words   |  7 Pages1.) In the novel, Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury, Montag’s view on life reverses. Two characters the influence the main character Guy Montag are the old lady whose house and books were burnt down and Mildred. The old lady was caught preserving books in her home. Firemen including Montag were ordered to burn the books. The old lady refused to leave her books, so she too was burned. She bravely gave an allusion as her last words, â€Å"Play the man,’ she said, ‘Master Ridley.’ Something, somethingRead MoreFahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury818 Words   |  4 PagesFAHRENHEIT 451 BY RAY BRADBURY Important People in Montag’s Life In Partical Fulfillment Of English 2 Ms Irina Abramov By Helen Hernandez November 9, 2012 â€Å"There are worse crimes than burning books. One of them is not reading them† -Ray Bradbury. In the past there were events that affected book writers. People will get together to burn books because they thought it was inappropriate or they were against their literature. Montag is a fireman in a futuristic society who would startRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury863 Words   |  4 PagesThe novel, Fahrenheit 451 was written by Ray Bradbury and it took place in the dystopian future. Throughout each novel, we are able to see a major theme, which is censorship. In this essay, I will explain how this theme are explored in the story by using the literary devices. To begin with, in this novel, censorship is not given a straight description, but we can see how the author shows it through many literary elements, such as using the setting, tone and symbolisms even foreshadowing. This novelRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1544 Words   |  7 PagesRay Bradbury, the author of Fahrenheit 451, expresses his perspective on life in an interview. His interview contains a common theme: Do what you love, and love what you do (Bradbury). Bradbury sends a message in his interview that people should love life, and live to the fullest because he believes life is a beautiful thing. Although Bradbury no longer can demonstrate his love for life his message still lives in the pages of Fahrenheit 451. The Government of the society in the novel has told their

Corporate Social Responsability for Supermarkets Free Essays

This essay will introduce analysis of the UK supermarket sector and its impacts on a wide range of stakeholders . The responsibility for buying and selling is rapidly shifting. In today’s rising global community, supermarkets have embraced corporate social responsibility as an important element of their original role in contributing to shared goals, however in addition it enhances their capacity to the base line. We will write a custom essay sample on Corporate Social Responsability for Supermarkets or any similar topic only for you Order Now In addition, trade seeks to establish their own values of corporate individuality while at the same time maintain public and ecological values and increase their market growth. Corporate social responsibility of supermarkets can mean different things to different groups and sectors. However there is universal agreement that in a global market system, supermarkets must play great role by creating jobs. By acting in responsible manner corporation must facilitate sustainable growth. (Deal, 1999) As a result, corporate performance must not just guarantee returns to shareholders, wages to employees, plus goods and services to shoppers, thus must also accommodate the ecological concerns and values of consumers. An explanation of food provenance chart as an example of the influence of CSR, is provided below showing the difference in consumer choice in different ranks in UK supermarkets. In order to demonstrate importance of the CSR: % Factors in food and drink purchases, by rank, December 2007 Food provenance-UK- March 2008- What do Shoppers Consider Most important? The findings of this line graph, shows the consumer interest in home grown British food rather than foreign origin product. The supermarket structured business procedures and the environmental campaigns, to support British produce are the key reasons for this. This report also demonstrates the market repose to a consumer demand for particular products by offering quality food and drinks. UK leading supermarkets as well as corporations require to supervise corporate social responsibility as any other part of their food sales. Supermarkets are faced by means of a triple bottom line, to advance inexpensively, as well as being environmentally plus equally accountable. The growth of sales in social and financial growth is likely to continue. (Freedman, 2000) Why must supermarket be socially responsible? The initial part of the Roundtable focused on the query of how to describe what a socially responsible corporation is, and what a supermarkets does to be measured socially responsible. Even before to answer that question, a few people may ask, why a corporation have to be considering this subject? The reply is tied to globalisation. Globalisation is not just regarding the world nations, it is the consequence on appearance of a global civil society. Giddens, 1998) The world has been transformed due to globalisation, plus by the prosperity of this the environment in supermarkets. Solutions to consumer problems were to be established inside the free market structure and trade. The shopper’s influence on UK supermarkets in food factors at the different societies measured by ranks in 2007, can be seen in the chart below: % Factors in food and drin k purchases, by rank, December 2007 The UK survey in 2007 sought to address what is important to customers when they choose foods. To make very clear customer preference, all food ranks has been used for this column table. Regards consumer perceptions of food, most of shoppers are willing to pay 10% more for British origin, organic or any other quality food, compare to conventional food (Wealtherel, 2003) The food industry faces many significant risks from public criticism of corporate social responsibility issues in the supply chain. Private standards initiative abound in food chains as retailers and brands seek to minimise the risks and also respond to new demands from society. The representation of a new form of regulation, which raises questions regarding domination in the UK supermarkets. Supermarkets have a tendency to maximise profits and concentrate on all concerns of consumer benefit, the interests of all consumers required to be considered in today’s UK supermarket systems. Globalisation has changed the inner power relations border by and inside supermarkets, and in the community as a whole. At the same time, in the late 1980s, the disagreement on corporate governance assembled power in the United States and in the United Kingdom, mainly in reply to corporate crush, corporate invaders and destabilised along, with aining as well as trade deception and dishonesty. Globalisation and the souk were placed an influence in the hands of the classified sector, however public disbelieve in the consistency and honesty of corporations was well-known and widespread. Concerns of responsibility, standard setting, plus globalism were core to the debate. It became obvious that supermarkets might no longer supervise the consequences of their trade, just by paying taxes and comply with national rules. They are likely to take on better responsibilities for supervising their contact on community. Joseph, 2000) Trade itself in a course of development, practices and performance to convene the original anticipations of communities and community on it. At the same time as technological forces will carry on to force supermarkets to be internationally incorporated, law-making and shopper demand requires to be much further in the consumer field, and behave as a socially responsible company, therefore is becoming ever more challenging for supermarkets. A difficulty and the challenge for remaining markets with the regulations of CSR, in UK and abroad. Augmented public interest affects the method in which companies endorse their proposals. Policies that insist on corporation positive and politically right standards, such as hiring a public minorities or buying goods as of a precise basis, at times be undermining to its productivity and advantage of products. Usually profit-seeking supermarkets through demanding presentation should in addition to confront the shoppers. Deciding on which advance to take, is exclusive to each supermarket and depends on the trade distribution in which the business is situated. Redefining administration roles in the supermarket itself is not an option, however a need. Businesses will require to adjust and create a novel organisational representation for the 21st century. They require to develop efficiency in management, and apparent domination processes all through their organisation. (OECD, 2000) Socially liable supermarkets have to employ their workers worldwide in a business dream and mission declaration that promotes sustainable and enhanced excellence of life for all countries, for all workers, despite of their location. Becoming a global consistency is publicly reasonable and not just a public relations matter. Supermarkets are taking on the challenge by engaging as much as a possible with shopper, in addition to be able to have a positive impact on public relations and support by other sectors of community. Therefore, even though corporate social responsibility adjustments made by government in both the UK and Europe, supermarket trades still have to be concerned. Governments require to produce a strategy to structure whatever the trade and labour can negotiate situations in supermarkets. This requires a variety of legislative methods to be implemented in the country. It is obvious that there cannot be a, one measurement fits all, advance and assurance in trade behaviour, however there is a universal accord that there is a requirement for clarity of strategy and principles. In addition to the codes of conduct that an approved method is definitely wishes to be recognized in this region, so that social achievement plans can be developed plus social action have to become the standard. Developing finest practices for corporate behaviour will not ensue straight away, however by sticking to essential values, as a minimum move in the similar course in the direction of becoming a liable social related. (Oecd, 2000) The food industry faces many significant risks from public criticism of corporate social responsibility (CSR) issues in the supply chain. This paper draws upon previous research and emerging industry trends to develop a comprehensive framework of supply chain CSR in the industry. The framework details unique CSR applications in the food supply chain including animal welfare, biotechnology, environment, fair trade, health and safety, and labour and human rights. General supply chain CSR issues such as community and procurement are also considered. Ultimately, the framework serves as a comprehensive tool to support food industry practitioners and researchers in the assessment of strategic and operational supply chain CSR practices. How to cite Corporate Social Responsability for Supermarkets, Papers

In The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthrone masterf Essay Example For Students

In The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthrone masterf Essay ully weaves many themes and uses character development to format the plot of this novel. The themes of The Scarlet Letter are carried out through the four main characters Hester Prynne, Arthur Dimmesdale, Roger Chillingsworth, and Pearl and also through symbolism. In this novel, Hawthrone hoped to show that although Hester and Dimmesdale sinned, they achieved the wisdom of self knowledge and inner growth through their suffering. BackgroundBefore the novel actually starts, there is a section of the book entitled The Custom House. While this is not an integral part of the novel, it provides insight into Nathaniel Hawthrone, the man. Here it is learned that Hawthrones ancestors were strict Puritans (he was born in Salem). One of his ancestors was considered a hanging judge and was actually a judge in the Salem Witch Trails. This is why Hawthrone has an interest in the Puritan period. Although Hawthrone did not actually participate in the Puritan period, he still felt guilty about what his ancestors did. He was angered by the hypocrisy of the church who condemned sins, yet committed them and was also angered by the government. This becomes apparent to the reader throughout the course of the novel. In fact, The Scarlet Letter was a way for Hawthrone to vent his frustrations with the institutions. Brief Summary of the NovelThe Scarlet Letter is a novel revolving around a woman who committed the sin of adultery in a small Puritan town in seventeenth-century Boston. Hester Prynne, the adulteress, refuses to reveal her lovers name, and as a result is forced to wear a large, red A on her bosom. This is to tell everyone of her sin. Hester is also forced to live isolated with her daughter, Pearl, who is the result of her sin. Meanwhile, the small Puritan town remains very devoted to and very proud of their young minister, Arthur Dimmesdale. What they do not know is that it is Dimmesdale who is Hesters Lover and Pearls father. The fact that Dimmesdale keeps his sin a secret is tearing him up, both physically and emotionally. To complicate matters even more, Hesters old and slightly deformed husband is back. He had stayed in England for quite a while allowing Hester to settle into their new home. Her husband, Roger Chillingsworth, comes to the town at precisely the moment that Hester is!being presented to the world as an adulteress. Chillingsworth sees Hester with the scarlet letter upon her breast and in the moment of Hesters greatest humiliation. He is outraged and vows that he (the lover) will be known. (p. 69) He pretends to be a physician and eventually suspects Dimmesdale of the breaking the seventh commandment. Chillingsworths mission becomes that of revenge. Themes and Character DevelopmentHesterIn The Scarlet Letter, the themes are played out by the characters. Hesters development, for example, illustrates the theme that recognition of our weaknesses may make people stronger and more sympathetic to the weaknesses of others. The punishment that is chosen for Hester is a long and drawn-out one. It is a mental punishment, one that will last her her entire lifetime. Like Chillingsworth stated on page 69, A wise sentence! Thus she will be a living sermon against sin, until the ignominious letter be engraved upon her tombstone.Because of her great punishment, Hester grows and matures throughout the years. The letter causes her to be an outsider in her own home and for her to have no friends. As a result, she matures much. Whenever a person matures, he or she can look at the world through a different pair of eyes and therefore be more perceptive to other peoples pain. Hester, in part of a punishment imposed on herself, helps the poor. She uses her surplus to give to the less fortunate, although they feel superior to her and show it. But due to Hesters maturity she continues to help the poor. Because Hester felt pain, she learned to be warm and rich; a wellspring of human tenderness, unfailing to every real demandshe was a self-ordained Sister of Mercy.(p.156) In fact, it is ironic how a person who was shunned by a town in receiving the scarlet letter was later praised by it how the supposed most vile person was really the kindest and most sincere. She want from Adulteress to Able. (p.156)Hester also shows her great emotional growth with Dimmesdale. When she is with him, it is she who is the strong one. She is the one who made the decision to leave and it was her who bore the humiliation of the towns justice alone, without betraying her lover. Hesters growth can be especially seen when compared to Dimmesdales deterioration. Hester grew because she faced her sin, while Dimmesdale slowly killed himself as a result of hiding his sin and living with guilt. Hester also embodies the theme that the truth can set you free. While Dimmesdale grew frailer every day, Hester chose to overcome the punishment imposed on her by the community. The reason she could overcome the punishment is that she had not hidden the truth as Dimmesdale did. Her salvation lied in the truth. This is evident in chapter seventeen, where Hester and Dimmesdale met in the woods after a separation of seven years. While Hester has made her peace, Dimmesdale is consumed with guilt of his double life. He does not know what to do with himself. Dimmesdale goes as far as to say. Happy are you, Hester, that wear the scarlet letter openly on your bosom! Mine burns in secret!(p.183) This shows the reader that the reason that Hester has been able to walk through the town and survive the seven years of punishment is that she has allowed the truth to be told. Exploring key issues in the collapse of Enron EssayChillingsworthRoger Chilligsworth exemplifies the theme that revenge and hatred can destroy a person. When he is first mentioned in the book, he is but a mere observer of Hesters punishment. But it is soon evident that he is Hesters husband. From very early on the reader can soon see that Chillingsworth is a very evil person whose goal in life is to destroy Hesters lover. From the time that his face darkened with some powerful emotion(p.67) when first seeing Hester on the scaffold, Chillingsworths face has evil reflected on it. The hatred on Chillingworths face is seen by many. They affirmed that his aspect had undergone a remarkable change especially since he abode with Dimmesdale. the former aspect of an intellectual and studious man, calm and quiethad altogether vanished and had been succeeded by an eager, searching, almost fierce, yet carefully guarded look.(p.163)Chillingsworth did all in his power to torture the minister. He now dug into the poor clergymans heart like a miner searching for gold.(p.127)Pearl, who throughout the novel shows a strange insight into people, calls Chillingsworth the Black Man.It can therefore be said that revenge and hatred can destroy a person. PearlIn The Scarlet Letter, Pearl is more of a symbol than an example of a theme through character development. She is the embodiment of Hesters and Dimmesdales sin. Pearl is the living symbol of adultery. She is the living embodiment of the scarlet A symbol of passion. Hester recognized this and as a result dressed Pearl in the same way her scarlet letter is adorned. She dresses Pearl in crimson velvet abundantly embroidered with flourishes of gold thread. Pearl is also the symbol of the illicit union between Hester and Dimmesdale. In the second scaffold scene she is the link between the two. But although Pearl is foremost a symbol, she does develop greatly in this book. Pearl is also reinforces other themes in the novel. For example, in the end of the story Pearl is seen changed while enforcing the theme that the truth can set you free. In the third scaffold scene, she finally kisses Dimmesdale, who has finally come clean with the truth. Pearl has now broken the spell. The truth causes Dimmesdales joy and now Pearl would grow up amid human joy and sorrow, nor forever do battle with the world, but be a woman in it.(p.238)PlotThe plot in The Scarlet Letter is mostly developed in the three scaffold scenes. Here is where the major characters are in conflict with themselves or with each other. In the first scaffold scene there is conflict between Hester and the community. The town is punishing Hester and she rebels against it by refusing to show any emotion other than indifference and pride. There is conflict with Chillingsworth and the adulterer because it is here that Chill ingsworth vows that he will be known.In the second scaffold scene, Hester, Pearl, and Dimmesdale hold hands. But Pearl asks Dimmesdale if he will acknowledge them the next day at noon. When Dimmesdale says no, she tries to let go of her fathers hand. The reason is that Pearl always feels conflict with Dimmesdale whenever he does not acknowledge her or her mother in the publics presence. There is also conflict here between Chillingsworth and Dimmesdale in the second scaffold scene. Chillingsworth catches the family upon the scaffold and was not careful then, as at all other times, to hide the malevolence with which he looked upon his victim.(p.151)In the third scaffold scene, Dimmesdale admits his guilt, which causes a conflict between him and the community, which does not believe that their minister is capable of such a sin. There is also a major climate of climatic proportions between Chillingsworth and Dimmesdale. When the minister is about to confess, Chillingsworth comes forth t o try to stop him. He does so because if Dimmesdale confesses, he will be unable to continue his punishment and revenge towards him. In the third scaffold scene, Pearls conflict with Dimmesdale ends because he finally confesses to being her father. She kisses him and at last becomes human, not the little imp she has been throughout the novel. The major sources of conflict and character development in the three scaffold scenes show how the plot is mostly developed there. ConclusionNathaniel Hawthrone creates an interesting tangle of themes played out through character development to unfold the plot of The Scarlet Letter. He marks the plot through the three scaffold scenes that show the four main characters in conflict with each other and themselves. The many interpretations of the novel and the rich symbolism in The Scarlet Letter have made it a classic and will continue to fascinate both the serious literary student and the casual reader alike.

Range of Cultural Representation in Film Essay Example

Range of Cultural Representation in Film Essay The issue of significance throws open many questions: e. g. Film is about entertainment. Isnt entertainment just for fun? Are they harmless? Stereotypes are different social, racial and cultural groups which have a certain connotation they are known for and seen in society as. For example, a blonde person is seen as dumb, a male is seen as dominating and a woman is seen to only belong in the kitchen. Stereotypes are a small or large group of people being labelled as something which, more often than not, isnt true. What we see can lead to stereotypes. People believe what they see and relate it to real life. Traditionally, Hollywood action films represent cultural groups stereotypyically. However some post modern films are slowly changing for the better in a feminist and post colonial way. Compared to this, British Film4 and French cinema portray a more realistic image of cultural groups. The three films I will be analyzing and comparing are James Bond, Terminator 2 and East is East. James Bond was chosen as it is stereotypically an action/hero film. For example, the dashing, smart hero and the beautiful sexy female sidekicks are representative of the general idea of a spy and the Bond Girls. Terminator 2 was chosen as it supports and challenges gender stereotypes. An example of this is a strong woman in the film is challenging however the strong macho bodyguard is not. Finally East is East as it challenges colour, nationality and gender stereotypes. The Muslim boy doesnt want to be of his religion anymore challenging strong Muslim family beliefs and the Muslim girl is a tomboy. We will write a custom essay sample on Range of Cultural Representation in Film specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Range of Cultural Representation in Film specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Range of Cultural Representation in Film specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Entertainment is not just about fun, it is also about power and money. Entertainment is Americas highest earning export as it is the place where stars are seen to be born. Most celebrities come from there or want to live and work there and the American people see them as accomplishing the American Dream. The entertainment business is very stereotypical itself with the idea that actresses have to be beautiful with perfect figures and the actors macho and extremely good looking.

Assignment 205 Introduction to Duty of Care in Essays

Assignment 205 Introduction to Duty of Care in Essays Assignment 205 Introduction to Duty of Care in Essay Assignment 205 Introduction to Duty of Care in Essay Assignment 205introduction to duty of care in Health, social care or children’s And young people’s settings Task B Case Study Case Study One You are a support worker for Mrs Ahmed who is 89, physically frail and lives alone. She has diabetes. Mrs Ahmed wants to eat foods that are not suitable for her medical condition, and asks you to shop for her as she is not able to get the shop herself. BiDescribe the difficulties for you in exercising your duty of care and upholding Mrs Ahmed’s right to choose. I would consult Mrs Ahmed’s care plan, and advise her about your concerns that she follow a healthy diet, stressing that she will feel much better if she does so. I would also advise her about alternative foods. BiiWhere would you go to get advice, information and support to deal with the dilemma? I would seek advice and support from my manager, and get information from Mrs Ahmed’s care plan. Case Study Two Leon Quashie lives in supported housing. He has learning disabilities. You are his support worker. Leon tells you that he has a new friend who comes to his home and plays on his games console. A few days later you notice that the games console is missing. Leon tells you his new friend has borrowed it. BiiiDescribe the difficulties for you in exercising your duty of care to Leon and upholding his rights. As I am Leon’s support worker I would explain to him that I can call his friend and ask him to return the games console, if it does not get returned then I may have to inform the police. Also I would explain to Leon that I am there to protect him from being exploited or taken advantage of. I would explain to Leon he has a right to make mistakes and choose what he does with his possessions. Bivwhere could you go to get advice and support on how to ensure you uphold Leon’s rights but also follow your own duty of care? I would get advice from my manager, social worker and maybe the police. Task C Ciidentify a) Legal b) Organisational Requirements for dealing with complaints. a) The legal requirements are handled by CQC (care quality commission) b) Organisational requirements are Care home policies. (Manager) CiiComplaints may be received from service users, other practitioners, or the family of service users. Describe the important points to remember when responding to complaints. Listen to the complainant, give them your undivided attention, record the complaint accurately (check with the individual), tell them how and to whom the complaint will be reported to (show them your procedure), assure them that their complaint will receive attention and be resolved as soon as possible, report immediately and follow up, The complainant should be aware that their complaint has been taken seriously and a letter of acknowledgement should be sent out.

Cost projection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Cost projection - Essay Example The pilot project is eligible for scrutiny and financial consideration as it falls among the green infrastructures programs in the city. In addition, the pilot project is part of the environmental program that the agency showed interest in supporting. The project involves constructing green roofs and blue roofs within NY City as a measure of reducing stormwater runoff. Blue roofs retain stormwater. However, they are not vegetated. The pilot project involves the construction of small-scale weirs at the rooftops that drain inlets and create temporary ponds for gradual release of stormwater. On the other hand, green roofs comprise a vegetative layer in a designed soil that rests on top of the drainage layer. The green roofs are relatively costly than the blue roofs, but they can absorb large amounts of water. The pilot project will scale down the full-scale project into smaller projects that will run for a given duration. The management will then access the benefits and compare the cost of sustaining the water management approach to other approaches under the same conditions of the environment. Installing source controls on the rooftops of the houses in NY City is a vital strategy that the agency needs to consider to reduce the amount of stormwater runoff from entering the sewers. A third of New York City consists of impervious regions. The massive surface of the rooftops in NY City is a characteristic that necessitates the construction of an effective green infrastructure. The pilot project is worth considering due to precision and high level of accuracy in representing the full-scale project. The actual project is big, and the compilation of data involving costs is complex. Additionally, the magnitude of the errors derived from the full-scale projects could be massive. The pilot project is necessary to ensure the reduction in the magnitude of the errors when implementing the actual projects (Mancuso, 2009). In addition, the efficiency of the

Jornal 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Jornal 4 - Essay Example The statues and trophies were also for memorial purposes and were built on sites where all the Greek would see them for centuries. Such sites include Olympia and Delphi. Pan-Hellenic festivals had activities such as Olympia games while the Persian wars are an example of wars against non-Greek enemies of the 5th century BCE. The Greek were quite innovative, and their outstanding inventions, both political and cultural are still used today. Major political innovations of the Greek are the concepts of a democratic form of government and the rise of the city-state. Athens is believed to be the center where democracy was invented in the world. The Athenian democracy later ended in the ancient Greece, but the ideals of democratic concepts influence governments and politics worldwide even today. Abraham Lincoln of the U.S. described democracy as â€Å"A government of the people, by the people and for the people.† Modern Philosophy was also an innovation of the ancient Greece. Before this innovation, the world was masked with magic and misconceptions. For instance, the Egyptians associated floods, fertile dark soils along the river Nile with Pharaoh Commands. The Greeks developed philosophical explanations of the world around them less magic, myth or religion. The ancient Olympics were practiced culturally in the ancient Greece. These games were played on the ancient Olympian plains for the Olympian gods. The modern Olympics were founded on the basis of the Ancient Greece Olympics. This paper discussed the primary features of the Hellenic polis and some cultural and political innovations of the Greeks. Some of the innovations covered are modern philosophy, democracy, and the Olympics. The paper also discussed how the innovations cited have been enduring throughout the development of History (Smith, De Mieroop and

Shakespeare's Midsummer night's dream Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Shakespeare's Midsummer night's dream - Essay Example The two woman are treated so differently because â€Å"the feminine either rebels against the restraining social order or presides in alliance with force that challenge its hegemony romantic love ,physical nature ,the love of pleasure in all its form .†Biana rebels quietly as Kate rages and use the masculine realm of language as a weapon. Biana’s rebellion is then not seen until her sister becomes silent. Hermia , white she openly challenges her father’s authority ;does not take on a masculine role as Helena are treated with distain because they directly challenge the masculine self by adopting its features Biana and Hermia instead embody the attribute of country love , because they are off limits. Biana is unattainable because her sister will not marry and Hermia because her father wants to marry one man and the heart belonged to another. This embodiment allows them to preside over the realm of romantic love which is outside the control of masculine social order (male gaze) (Natanson

Microprocessor based water level controller

Microprocessor based water level controller Microprocessor: The processor is the portion of a computer system that carries out the instructions of a computer program and is the primary element carrying out the computers function. The form, design and implementation of CPUs have changed but their fundamental operation remains the same. The microprocessor contains all the central processing unit (CPU) functions and is the ‘engine that goes into motion when you turn your computer on. The microprocessor is designed to perform arithmetic and logic operations that make use of small number holding areas called registers.The diagram of microprocessor is given as under: Also microprocessor is a multipurpose, programmable, clock-driven, register based electronic device that reads binary instructions from a storage device called memory, accepts binary data as input and processes data according to those instructions and provides as output. A microprocessor incorporates most or all of the functions of a central processing unit (CPU) on a single integrated circuit (IC). The first microprocessors emerged in the early 1970s and were used for electronic calculators, using binary-coded decimal arithmetic on 4-bit words. Other embedded uses of 4- and 8-bit microprocessors, such as terminals, printers, various kinds of automation etc, followed rather quickly. Affordable 8-bit microprocessors with 16-bit addressing also led to the first general purpose microcomputers in the mid-1970s.The most reliable circuit is water level Controller circuit which takes the task of indicating and Controlling the water level in the overhead water tanks. The LED Bar graph is use d for displaying the water level.The water level is sensed with the help of copper probes. The probes which have to be monitored are inserted into the water tank.This water-level Controller circuit is configured around the well-known 8 bit Microprocessor 8085. It continuously monitors the overhead water level and display it and also switch ‘off† the motor when the tank fills and it will automatically switch On the Motor when the water level is low. The Microprocessor will also indicate the water level over the LED display. All the input and output functions are done through the Programmable Peripheral Interface IC 8255. Product Categories for water level controller: Liquid Level Switches Liquid Level Sensors Level Sensors Level controllers Water Quality testing instruments Level Guages Ph controlllers Introduction to Water Level Controller: In most houses,water is first stored in an underground tank (UGT) and from there it is pumped up to the overhead tank (OHT) located on the roof. People generally switch on the pump when their taps go dry and switch off the pump when the overhead tank starts overflowing. This results in the unnecessary wastage and sometimes non-availability of water in the case of emergency. The simple circuit presented here makes this system automatic, i.e. it switches on the pump when the water level in the overhead tank goes low and switches it off as soon as the water level reaches a pre-determined level. It also prevents ‘dry run of the pump in case the level in the underground tank goes below the suction level. In the figure, the common probes connecting the underground tank and the overhead tank to +9V supply are marked ‘C. The other probe in underground tank, which is slightly above the ‘dry run level, is marked ‘S. The low-level and high-level probes in the overhead tank are marked ‘L and ‘H, respectively. When there is enough water in the underground tank, probes C and S are connected through water. As a result, transistor T1 gets forward biased and starts conducting. This, in turn, switches transistor T2 on. Initially, when the overhead tank is empty, transistors T3 and T5 are in cut-off state and hence pnp transistors T4 and T6 get forward biased via resistors R5 and R6, respectively. As all series-connected transistors T2, T4, and T6 are forward biased, they conduct to energise relay RL1 (which is also connected in series with transistors T2, T4, and T6). Thus the supply to the pump motor gets completed via the lower set of relay contacts (assuming that switch S2 is on) and the pump starts filling the overhead tank. Once the relay has energised, transistor T6 is bypassed via the upper set of contacts of the relay. As soon as the water level touches probe L in the overhead tank, transistor T5 gets forward biased and starts conducting. This, in turn, reverse biases transistor T6, which then cuts off. But since transistor T6 is bypassed through the relay contacts, the pump continues to run. The level of water continues to rise. When the water leve l touches probe H, transistor T3 gets forward biased and starts conducting. This causes reverse biasing of transistor T4 and it gets cut off. As a result, the relay de-energises and the pump stops. Transistors T4 and T6 will be turned on again only when the water level drops below the position of L probe. Presets VR1, VR2, and VR3 are to be adjusted in such a way that transistors T1, T3, and T5 are turned on when the water level touches probe pairs C-S, C-H, and C-L, respectively. Resistor R4 ensures that transistor T2 is ‘off in the absence of any base voltage. Similarly, resistors R5 and R6 ensure that transistors T4 and T6 are ‘on in the absence of any base voltage. Switches S1 and S2 can be used to switch on and switch off, respectively, the pump manually.You can make and install probes on your own as per the requirement and facilities available. However, we are describing here how the probes were made for this prototype. The author used a piece of non-metallic condu it pipe (generally used for domestic wiring) slightly longer than the depth of the overhead tank. The common wire C goes up to the end of the pipe through the conduit. The wire for probes L and H goes along with the conduit from the outside and enters the conduit through two small holes bored into it as shown in Fig. 2.Care has to be taken to ensure that probes H and L do not touch wire C directly. Insulation of wires is to be removed from the points shown. The same arrangement can be followed for the underground tank also. To avoid any false triggering due to interference, a shielded wire may be used. The Water Level Controller System is an Electronic Equipment which when electrically connected to the starter of any given Pump-set motor will control the operation of the pumpset depending upon the water level in the Source and Destination Storage Tanks. Advanced Automatic â€Å"WATER LEVEL CONTROLLER† unit Manufactured by M.V.Instruments is a Microprocessor based Electronic Device. This system when electrically connected to an Pumpset starter, performs the following functions automatically: Switches ON the Pump set when Water level drops below pre-set level (i.e. T2 level) in Overhead Tank. Switches OFF the Pump set when Water level in Overhead Tank becomes full (i.e. T1 level). Switches OFF the Pump set when Water level is low in Sump/Well/Borewell (i.e. S2 level). Switches ON the Pump set when there is sufficient water in the Sump/ Well / Borewell (i.e. S1 level). Switches OFF the Pump set when there is a Dry run (i.e. when Water is not being pumped into Overhead Tank due to any reason). Low Voltage and High Voltage Protection for the Pump set is incorporated. The system has Surge Voltage/Current Protection for the Pump set. All these functions are automatically performed. Manual interference is absolutely not required. Manual operation is also possible if and when required by operating the switch in Manual Position. Paragon Water Filters use a unique 5-Stage filtration system that combines the cleaning capabilities of Activated Carbon with the new technology of KDF-55: The first stage consists of a micron filter locked into place, preventing water from forming paths or channels along the sides of the unit. Once the first micron filter has removed any large particles, the water goes through a series of chambers FIVE STAGES IN ALL. The media filtration process begins with KDF-55, which uses an electrochemical process to reduce Chlorine and improve taste and odor. Water passes through progressively finer micron filters as it travels through the unit, to assure removal of particles and to separate the media so that they operate at maximum effectiveness. The final chamber contains the highest quality Granular Activated Carbon. Water tastes best when aerated with carbon, so this final stage assures that you water is as refreshing as it is clear. Principle: The Autonics Water Level Modulating controlsystem is a single element Electro-pneumaticcontrol with a pneumatic Positioner and PID/Fuzzysystem. The system comprises a Transmitter,converter module, float chamber, a feedline-modulating control valve and an electronic microprocessor based PID/FUZZY controller. Pid Fuzzy Level Controller: Description: The Autonic Water Level Modulating control system is a single element Electro-pneumatic control with apositioner and PID auto tuning system. i) A Level Transmitter with double-float chamber is mounted on the boiler shell, fitted with a coil which can be make according to the requirement. ii) A flanged mount fully stainless steel Control valve, fitted with a positioner and pneumatic actuator, which is mounted in the boiler feedline. iii) A microprocessor-based PID/FUZZY Level controller is mounted on the control panel. iv) An electronic Converter module is also mounted on the control panel. Operation: A positive change of water level in the boiler alters the level transmitter inductance value of coil causing an imbalance in the system. This signal is transmitted through the electronic control box and connected to PID controller. Then the microprocessor-based PID level controller transmitted anelectrical signal to the pneumatic positioner to position and adjusts the position of control valve. A additional low/high water level alarm or burner cut out contact are also provided in the microprocessor-based level controller with the adjustable setting position. Installation note: The water connection from the boiler to the float chamber should be, as short as possible and the level transmitter float chamber should be mounted close to gauge glasses. If required our technical staff will advice on individual installations. Important notice: Electronic level module and level controller must not be subjected to either vibration or excessive temperature. It is therefore recommended that they be not mounted directly on to the boiler shell. Specifications : Control valve : The V control valve has many different inserts for precision throttling control. The inserts are pinnedto the END CAPS, and are used in conjunction with any of our standard seats. They are designed tochange the flow characteristics of the valve and are offered in different shapes to meet a variety ofmodulating application. For very low Cv applications, a specially designed â€Å"Soft† V insert incorporateboth the flow element and the ball seal into one component, and maintains continuous contact with theball. This arrangement provides excellent low end accuracy (EQ%) and repeatability. Automatic Water Level Modulating Control System: Operating Principle: Transmitter: Detect the water levels in the drum and send signal to the digital controller. Digital controller With the signal given by the Transmitter and the controller will show the level on the meter (Process value) and it requite a Set Value to control the level. The signal converted and it sends to control valve to give an indication. Control Valve The control valve work depend on the signal given by controller and after done the job it send a feed back signal to controller for confirmation. The valve open is depending on supply air with the signal given by controller and the Positioner then adjustment opening of valve will be make. OTHER: The MC9200 Series Cooling Tower Controller is a microprocessor based controller of recirculating cooling water systems. The MC9200 accurately controls the level of dissolved solids based on  µS/cm, and depending on model selection, control conductivity and pH. The cooling tower controllers feature: One user selectable chemical feed timer and up to two 28-day event timers Lockable viewing window Two point calibration Dry contact water meter input capability Alarm powered dry contact relays Optional 4-20mA output capability Alarm LED, relay or optional callback status 216 alphanumeric display Convenient keypad menu access, display contrast adjustment and HOA access control Self charging capacitor to maintain time and history for up to two weeks in the event of a power loss to controller Relay, general alarm, flow alarm and power status LEDs DIN connections for conductivity sensor and I/O Prewired incoming power and relay output connections on specified models (receptacle cords) Modular flow assembly with flow switch, quick release sensors and sample port mounted on the polyethylene panel Optional remote communications capability via direct serial line or modem connection Features: 1 Chemical Feed Timer Two Point Calibration DIN connections for I/O Full 24 months warranty Ph Control Made Easy: The CHEMTROL 240 is a microprocessor-based digital controller designed to maintain the pH level in water treatment applications. Standard Features:- All Functions on Front Panel Adjustable Setpoint Adjustable Alarms Proportional Feed Overfeed Safety Timer Waterproof Cabinet Easy to install Simple to use 5-year Electronics Warranty Toll-Free Technical Support The bright LCD display shows pH readings, calibration adjustments and alarm limits. The five LED lights indicate the operating mode (OFF, Manual or Auto), feed status, out-of-range alarms and overfeed alarms. The front panel controls include setpoint, calibration, low and high alarm limits, safety timer limit and proportional feed adjustment. Feed control is either ON/OFF or Proportional. The Proportional Feed feature is particularly useful to avoid overfeeding in small bodies of water. It reduces the feed cycle time progressively as the sensor reading gets closer to the setpoint. General The controller shall provide microprocessor based control of recirculating cooling water systems. Accurately control the level of dissolved solids based on ïÆ' ¬S/cm, and depending on model selection,control conductivity and pH. Controller shall also provide: One user selectable chemical feed timer and up to two 28-day event timers. a. Lockable viewing window. b. Two point calibration. c. Dry contact water meter input capability. d. Alarm powered and dry contact relays. e. Optional 4-20mA output capability. f. Alarm LED, relay and optional remote callback status. g. 2 x 16 alphanumeric display. h. Convenient keypad menu access, display contrast 2. Adjustment and HOA relay control. a. Self charging capacitor to maintain time and history for 3. Up to two weeks in the event of a power loss to controller. a. Relay, general alarm, flow alarm and power status LEDs. b. DIN connections for conductivity sensor and I/O. c. Prewired incoming power and relay output connections 4. On specified models (receptacle cords). a. Modular flow assembly with flow switch, quick release 5. Sensors and sample port mounted on a polyethylene panel. a. Optional remote communications capability via direct 6. Serial line or modem connection. a. A full 24 months warranty. Control Functions All continuously monitored sensor input functions (conductivity, pH) will provide user definable set points for maintaining a specific value within the system. Each set point will have a user definable differential as the control band, programmable high and low alarm points and user defined limit timer for pH. Chemical Feed Timer The chemical feed timer shall be user selectable as any one of the following: Percent User will be able to select a percent ON time of a user defined cycle time. Limit Timer will run as controller bleeds until a user programmed limit time is met or the bleed is satisfied. Percent of Post-Bleed Timer will run for a user defined percentage of the bleed time after bleed is satisfied. Pulse Timer Timer initiated from dry contacting head water meter. User can define timer run time, water meter input and contact accumulation before timer initiation. Remote Communications: The controller shall have the optional capability of serial communications using PULSAworks software. The serial communications can occur either by direct RS232 port, or remotely via an optional internal modem. PULSAworks allows the user to access real-time system values and remotely change operating parameters. The user may download data history files and save files to disk. History files may be viewed and printed in table or graph form, the graph form can be user customized. The optional internal modem allows the controller to perform alarm call back for alarm condition notification to a pager or computer running. There are other various types of water level controllers in which some of them are as under: IC 8255. Digital Water Level Recorder The standard virtual make water level recorder consists of a weatherproof enclosure which contains the data logger, level sensor and power supply, and comes complete with a solar panel and data shuttle. The system is powered by rechargeable sealed maintenance free batteries with integral 12V/10W solar panel, which will easily keep the batteries charged throughout the year. Unattended recording of Water level with maximum and minimum level, Standard program and user-friendly software . Data retrieval by Data shuttle to your Computer, Suitable for mounting in a variety of locations, Memory range more than 8250 data sets extendable up to more than 16500. Digital Water Level Recorder (Pressure Type) This is a Micro controller based Automatic Water Level Recorder reflect state of the art in micro controller based instrumentation design. The Water Level sensor can be attached with this data logger for the collection of real time data automatically. The micro controller has its internal memory along with an additional 128K EEprom, a real time clock with an LCD (16 X 2) to display the instrument status. Piezo-resistive silicon strain gauge, bounded to 316 SS diaphragm, and integral cable contain a vent tube for Barometric pressure compensation. Comes with three ranges 10 meter, 35 meter 100 meter Ground Water Monitoring System: The new SEBA Data Logger type MDS Dipper-3(T3) is the consequential further development of the well proven MDS Dipper for continuous registration in ground and surface water, with special focus to the operation data security. A watch-dog-function, integrated in the MDS-DipperT3 supervises continuously the microprocessor activities and so it provides a high operation security. Undefined system conditions are recognized immediately and eliminated by the Watch-dog function. High accurate, robust ceramic pressure measuring cell for different measuring ranges (i.e. 1 bar, 2 bar, etc.) and Temperature sensor for 025 °C or 050 °C. The MDS Dipper-3(T3) is equipped with a Flash-memory (Flash-RAM). The acquired measuring data are stored in a ring memory organization. Due to the described double data storage, you have access to the complete measured data in the archive data backup, even in case of breakdown of the power supply Measuring system for the observation of groundwater measuring sites, pumping tests, construction areas, Surface water levels Made of stainless steel High data security due to additional flash-memory Watch-dog-function for high operation security Maintenance-free, battery life time >10 years, exchangeable battery Installation in tubes from 1† diameter Optional connection via Bluetooth at Extra Cost

Fichtes Subjective Idealism Essay -- Philosophy Essays

Fichte's Subjective Idealism With a dramatic dialectic style, Fichte expounds his subjective idealism which seriously undermines claims of an external world and which ultimately borders on solipsism. Beginning with the question of Free Will, Fichte concludes that there is none before engaging a mysterious Spirit in a philosophical dialogue over the nature of Fichte's knowledge. In the end, Fichte curses the Spirit for revealing the grim truth: "all reality is transformed into a fabulous dream, without there being any life the dream is about, without there being a mind that dreams." Following the same path of reasoning as the dialogue, the Spirit begins by asking Fichte how he knows of external objects. In answering that the knowledge of external object arrives as a result of direct, immediate sense perception, Fichte concedes that he possesses no direct consciousness of outside objects, but only of himself. "In all perception you only perceive yourself," since perception is merely the conscious recognition of observation statements such as 'I see' ... Fichte's Subjective Idealism Essay -- Philosophy Essays Fichte's Subjective Idealism With a dramatic dialectic style, Fichte expounds his subjective idealism which seriously undermines claims of an external world and which ultimately borders on solipsism. Beginning with the question of Free Will, Fichte concludes that there is none before engaging a mysterious Spirit in a philosophical dialogue over the nature of Fichte's knowledge. In the end, Fichte curses the Spirit for revealing the grim truth: "all reality is transformed into a fabulous dream, without there being any life the dream is about, without there being a mind that dreams." Following the same path of reasoning as the dialogue, the Spirit begins by asking Fichte how he knows of external objects. In answering that the knowledge of external object arrives as a result of direct, immediate sense perception, Fichte concedes that he possesses no direct consciousness of outside objects, but only of himself. "In all perception you only perceive yourself," since perception is merely the conscious recognition of observation statements such as 'I see' ...

Big Ass English Paper

Throughout his life Ender has to worry about a whole lot ore than if a girl likes him, Ender has to think and decide whether or not he has it in him to save the world. Most people have their entire early lives/childhood to decide what they want to do, but Ender never had the opportunity to have a proper childhood, he was robbed off childhood. So all of this Is great, but what does It really mean to be robbed of something?According to Oxford Dictionaries, â€Å"rob† means, to â€Å"Deprive (someone or something) of something needed, deserved, or significant† (Use 1. 3). â€Å"Robbed of† also means to â€Å"Take property unlawfully from a person by force or threat of force† (Use 11. Finally, â€Å"rob† means to â€Å"Overcharge (someone or something)† (Use 1. 1 The most appropriate definition is to â€Å"Deprive someone of something needed, deserved, or significant. † Children are being â€Å"deprived,† defined as to â€Å"Deny a person the possession or use of something†. Of something needed, deserved, or significant] in this case it is significant and proven, as â€Å"There is a growing body of research that shows a link between play and the development of cognitive and social skills that are prerequisites for learning more complex concepts as children get older†(Dry. Leone). If hillier only work and don't have any time to go outside or have social interaction then kids will be less successful than if they had the free time.Basically Dry. Leone Is saying that If kids don't have a childhood, then they will be less successful. What exactly Is a childhood then? A childhood Is defined by Oxford Dictionaries, as â€Å"The state of being a child†. Or â€Å"The period during which a person is a child† (â€Å"Childhood† 1. 1 Which technically everyone experiences, but as portrayed in most movies children don't experience stress and certainly don't think about the world ending.The difference between a child who is stress free up until adulthood and Ender is the one who is stress free only worries about his own fate, therefore, only thinks about his own opinion and doesn't have to think about what is best for other people but only what is important to him. Ender has to think about how he will get through the training without being ruined mentally, or being killed by others in the school. At first in the academy he was concerned about his grades, he was passing all of his classes but he was worried about being distracted and allowing his grades to slip.But later In the year he had no choice but to give up school work all together and 100 percent on saving humanity as well as surviving the attacks from his list of enemies (which When Ender was in school and being tested, he learned many things. All of which were things that adults learn when they are in the military, but Ender (along with hundreds of other boys and girls), is forced to act like an adult from a young age which may put him at a disadvantage when compared to those who had free time as a child.Someone cannot live or function properly if they have been deprived of a childhood. In relation to children being â€Å"given back† their childhoods, Peter Gray (A research professor of psychology at Boston College, and author of ‘Psychology) said, â€Å"The real problems Vive faced in life include physical ones (such as how to operate a newfangled machine at work or unblock the toilet at home), social ones (how to get that perfect woman to be interested in me), moral ones (whether to give a passing grade to a student, for effort, though he failed all the tests)† (Gray 1).From his career and his life or as a teacher, or even as a student, he learned a lot of things, but all of hose did nothing to help him when he was confronted by odd problems. Strange things that could only be dealt with if one had experienced them before, and the only way to do that is by allowing children to have more time for play and less time for work. Although Ender is an orphan, he can still experience these things, and by saying he wouldn't be able to have play because he was signed to the military, would be saying that because he is an orphan, he does not deserve time for play.Gray continues on to say, â€Å"Most problems in life cannot be solved with formulae or memorized answers of the type learnt in school† (Gray 1). Kids need time to be able to figure things out on their own. While some ,like Auk's education secretary, think that more hours in school will raise test scores, others like the Chinese ministry of education, issued a report calling for less time in school, less homework, and less reliance on test scores as a means of Judging schools. So if children were given more time to play (games) instead of taking tests, they could be more successful.Many people, like Hillarie Cash (a Technology addictions expert), say that kids who rarely play outside make it a habit to stay inside rather than going out with friends. Some would say that Ender plays games his whole life with his friends, which although is partly true, children need to have minimal structure and to have an environment which isn't pressured. Additionally 95% of the children Ender plays with are either not his friends and there for the training, or they obviously hate him and make an effort to bully/harass Ender or Just make his life a living hell.The entire time that Ender is battling, people are watching and Judging him, they are also constantly making things more challenging for him so as soon as he becomes comfortable with nee thing they make it more difficult and he is forced to adapt (like in battle). They are doing this by adding more games in a day and by forcing him to do things he does not want to do. The best way (and way it is argued in above articles) is to have the children choose their own games, or to play games/sports they enjoy playing.This is because t he children learn quicker and easier if they have fun while doing something, and while Ender enjoyed himself at first, right about when he was made a commander he started to hate the position because of the amount of work he had to do without frequent breaks, or breaks at all. Much like Ender, people from different cultures in the past have also been limited by their government or way of life. For example in India they had the caste system, affirmative action (positive discrimination)† (Independence Hall Association).The caste system included four levels of a pyramid, they have the Brahmins, Ashtrays, Visas, and Sutras. Although there is no social pyramid with Ender, they have a rule that families cannot have more than two children unless they sign one over to the military. This sounds terrible but Mender's parents did this because both of their prior hillier almost made it into the army but they had their own personality flaws on opposite poles, Valentine was too nice, and Pe ter was too mean.Because of this, Mender's parents thought (and hoped) that if they had a child on either side of the spectrum, that their third child would be in the center, perfectly balanced. The original definition of â€Å"deprive† is â€Å"Take property unlawfully from (a person or place) by force or threat of force† (â€Å"Childhood† 1). This when used in the above thesis is stating that a childhood is a child's property, and you are committing a crime and literally robbing them. Ender is technically robbed from his parents because when Graff asked them if he could talk to Ender outside (alone), and declined, he said, muff really can't stop me. † (Card 51).When he says this he is reminding them that before Ender was born he was given away to the government, and if Graff wanted to, he could take Ender away and they wouldn't be able to stop him or do anything about it. Another, more playful, definition of â€Å"rob† is, â€Å"informal or diale ct steal† (â€Å"Rob† 1. 2). Although this definition in this form is in a more Joking manner, it still has some very good examples to go with it. Ender robs (â€Å"Rob† 1. 2) others of winning frequently, and robs his friends of the commander position. Ender would frequently win games and subsequently rob others of their positions on the leaderless as well.The definition of overcharge is â€Å"To lay an excessive burden (of trouble, care, responsibility, etc. ) upon; to press hard, oppress, distress, overtax; to overbear by superior force† (â€Å"Overcharge† 2. 2) . This definition relates to Mender's Game because throughout the book, Ender and his friends/enemies say things hinting about the game having real people in them. At one point prior to fighting Bonze Ender said four move†(Card 208). Bonze then replied with, â€Å"This isn't a game† (Card 208). When Bonze tells Ender this isn't a game, even though he isn't referring to battle s, and is instead, referring to the fight.The author is giving away the end of the book Just in this short quote. Additionally after changing his battle schedule to more than two battles a day -when the normal is one battle per day-, one of the people in the government said, â€Å"We want to teach him, not give him a nervous breakdown† (Card 210). In this quote they are directly talking about overcharging, or laying an excess burden on Ender. They are intentionally making his battle schedule ridiculous so he will be the best he can be, and be prepared regardless of the circumstances.People from the government always give Ender more and more challenging tasks or things that people have never had to deal with before. When they do this to Ender, he is given an excessive responsibility which is also a huge burden. As Ender is trained more frequently and harder, the challenges he deals with gradually become more and more challenging, and unsurprisingly, Ender becomes more distress ed and emotionally taxed. A perfect example would be when he would dream about Valentine, Peter, and all of his friends, and wake up â€Å"eating† his hand or scared.Those reactions show how taxing the training is on Ender and his mental health. That the battle was easier than most of the other -simulation- battles he fought. Amaze responded with, â€Å"This is a simulation of a real invasion. † making Ender believe that the battle was an easy starting simulation, and continues on to say, â€Å"There had to be one battle where they wouldn't know what we would do. † (Card 280). In this section, Amaze is depriving Ender of his right to know what is reality and what is a emulation, and by doing so, Amaze is able to have full control over Ender and make him do whatever he wants.In the end of the book after Ender defeated the Bugger's and won the war. Amaze told Ender , â€Å"†¦ They all were there and you destroyed them all. Real. Not a game† it then say s â€Å"Mender's mind was too tired to cope with it all† (Card, 297). In this passage you can really see how tired Ender is and how he really had no idea how to cope with that kind of trauma at the time. For the last four plus years he was very stressed, the last few years especially because of all of the additional stuff he had to suffer wrought.Ender throughout his entire life was training to one day be able to be a â€Å"real† commander, when he was a real commander the whole time. This sort of lying was used because they knew if they didn't lie, that Ender wouldn't want to actually kill (questionably innocent) bugger's, and especially wouldn't want to risk the lives of his own soldiers, and Maser's friends, for what could potentially be a pointless war. As proven above, a childhood has a lot of positive effects on a child, and without a childhood, a child could be at a disadvantage mentally when compared to another who had more time away from constant schooling and stress.

Guide the way with subheading signposts - Emphasis

Guide the way with subheading signposts Guide the way with subheading signposts Its not always true that your readers will want to read everything youve written particularly if its a 300 page document. Even if youve done all you can to break it up and make it as readable as possible, the demands of time we all face may mean they can only skim it. Subheads can signal to your reader what linked paragraphs are about and help them to navigate through more easily to the most relevant parts. They also help you to check back over your own route: did you pick the best way? Transition words (so, however, on the other hand, nevertheless, moreover, furthermore etc.) also signpost meaning to your reader, helping them to understand your points and stay with you through your changes of direction as you motor towards your conclusion. Be careful though: endless moreovers and furthermores can be tedious and wont stitch a loose collection of random thoughts into a compelling argument, no matter how many you use. Far better to plan first and work out a logical structure even before you touch your keyboard. Theres more on subheads and structure in our 60-page Write Stuff style guide. To get your complimentary copy, click here and select style guide from the drop-down menu.

Agency Agrees to Review Human Stem Cell Patents

Agency Agrees to Review Human Stem Cell Patents Summary of the Information contained in the reference: Questions were raised on the validity of fundamental patents on human embryonic stem cells granted to University of Wisconsin scientist, James A. Thomson. The Foundation for taxpayer and consumer rights, and Public patent foundation claim that Mr. Thomson's work did not deserve a patent. The organizations claim that three scientific papers by other scientists, and a patent from the past laid the foundation to Mr. Thomson's success. Mr. Thomson was the first to isolate human embryonic stem cells. The organizations feel Mr. Thomson's success is due to research previously conducted on various animals. The patents will be re-examined and evaluated by The United States Patent and Trademark Office.Student reflection/ response/ analysis Instead of celebrating the incredible medical advancement, negative publicity centers around stem cell research once again. This time it's not about the ethics or morals, but who did it first.Mouse embry onic stem cells. More lab photosIn my opinion Mr. Thomson's patent should not be re-examined. The patent that was granted to him was based upon human embryonic stem cells. The organizations arguing that previous stem research on animals laid the foundation for his success. For the most part, it probable did, but a human and an animal are different, and therefore the patents should be too. I feel the only reason these organizations requested for a re-examination is financially. The outcome of his research is going to be worth a lot of money. One would think with a medical breakthrough as big as this, an abundance of applause would follow, not lawsuits. The University of Wisconsin stated "the decision of the re-examination could lead to a narrowing or even a recession of the three patents"( The New York Times"). The cause and effect of that would be devastating. Further research would become less,

Homeland security Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Homeland security - Research Paper Example Hurricane Katrina was one of the deadliest storms ever to hit the US coast. It ripped through the Gulf Coast in 2005 and brought with itself not just strong gale of wind but also many unarticulated miseries. The coastlines of Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama suffered the worst. New Orleans, in Louisiana, was severely affected due to the failure of the levee system. In fact, the levee system failed due to its flaws in designing and poor maintenance. The hurricane had its â€Å"economic†, â€Å"environmental†, â€Å"social†, and â€Å"political† impact. The hurricane was one of the costliest and it required money to restore it. The coastal regions were destroyed and the breeding grounds of the animals were lost. It also once again exposed the inability of the US government to handle such situations. Hurricane Katrina resulted in the loss of a great number of human lives. There was loss of life due to thirst and starvation. This drew a lot of criticisms fo r the government as they failed to save lives due to their lack of prompt action. (Hurricane Katrina: facts and information, n.d). Thousands of people had left the city and they became refugees. Many people found shelter with nearby relatives. On the other hand many restarted their lives in states far away as Massachusetts and Utah. Experts studying the hurricane concluded that it had the impact of four storms. Experts had further pointed out that understanding the previous flaws would be the key to success in future planning. In the wake of the storm, many loopholes within the planning system were exposed (Hurricane Katrina, 2010). Psychological Impact Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is found among those people who had experienced a traumatic event. Those who develop PTSD often have recurring thoughts about the incident and the person feels numb emotionally (What is PTSD, n.d). In case of Hurricane Katrina victims PTSD symptoms have been found even two years after the inciden t (Anderson, 2007). In case of natural disasters pet loss becomes a very common phenomenon. After Hurricane Katrina struck almost 200,000 pets were displaced. Only 5% of those found were reunited with their owners. There seems to be an association between pet loss with depression, posttraumatic stress, and acute stress (Lowe et.al, 2009, p 244). According to a federal mental health agency, those who lived along the hurricane ravaged Gulf Coast required help for anger, depression and other problems while they were rebuilding their lives once again. When Hurricane Katrina was ravaging, the people had also witnessed deaths and helplessness, which had affected them. Thus, according to authorities with federal Substances Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, the enormity of the disaster and long time in recovery had created a sense of hopelessness for some people (Carley 2006).   Availability of Resources for the Victims When the disaster took place, it also drew a lot of at tention and help from

Consumer behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Consumer behaviour - Essay Example The recent and contemporary marketing concept brings into limelight the piece of information that with the fulfillment of the needs and wants of the target market or the customers, the organization is more likely to accomplish and achieve their goals and objectives. Furthermore, with the contentment of the customers in a more effective and persuasive manner than that of the competitors, the enterprise would get an edge over their competitors (Hoyer & Macinnis, pp. 16-20, 2009). One of the important elements of marketing that facilitates the organization in acquainting and understanding the buying patterns of the products and services of the customers. Many of the important questions that includes when, why, how and where people have a tendency to buy a particular product or service come under the analysis and examination in consumer behavior. Furthermore, the study of consumer behavior will assist the businesses and organizations not only to attract new customers, but will also support in retaining the old and current customers that will eventually lead the organization to survive and sustain in the distant future. (Silk &  Harvard Business School, pp. 47-53, 2006). In addition, the study of consumer behavior also helps and endeavors to comprehend and identify the factors on which the decisions of the customers depend and rely on made either on individual basis or in groups. Therefore, it is considerably an imperative and vital feature of marketing manage ment segment. According to the definition, consumer behavior is â€Å"The totality of consumers’ decision with respect to the acquisition, consumption, and disposition of goods, services, activities, experiences, people, and ideas by (human)decision-making units (over time)† (Hoyer &  Macinnis, pp.3, 2009) Data resulting from the demography such as age, gender, income, education, behavioral temperament are they key distinctive and distinguishing characteristics used in the research of consumer behavior. Moreover, how the families, friends, reference groups, culture, and community play a dominant and persuasive role are also the principal and prime attributes in the studies and evaluations of consumer behavior. As the study of the buying pattern of the customers is a multifaceted and complex process where numerous aspects influence and affects the pattern, therefore, huge amount of money and a lot of time comes under spending and consumption by the enterprises and the ir marketing departments (East &  Wright & Vanhuele, pp. 3-10, 2008). Thus, this practice comes under performance in order to identify and distinguish the causes of the decisions on which the consumers make their purchasing of a particular product or service. Interests, actions and behaviors, like and dislikes, perceptions, beliefs, and communication and dealing with

Government Debt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Government Debt - Essay Example The following theories affirm that there is no alarm when government acquires debt. Attainment of key objectives in providing amenities to the citizens should be the primary concern of the government holding the people's wealth in the form of taxes, fees and fines (Burda & Wyplosz, 2005). Policy makers take account of risk factors more than the mere increase in price value of the loans before going for one. Therefore, it is imperative to say that the increase in government debt should not be a prime concern to the citizens since an amount borrowed and well spent can warrant further borrowing as the amenities set up provide an indispensable source of creating more national wealth (Gordon, 2006). As the government expands the supply of money through creating national debts, inflation is bound to occur. When the government tries to pay off this debt, the supply of money in the circulation tends to decrease causing deflation. Thus, when there is payment of any noteworthy sum of liability more than the national debt is being made at any given time; up to, ten times less, the amount is due for repayment (Gordon, 2006). This is to say if the government paid all its debt today, money supply would contract upwards by approximately ten per cent (Carlin & Soskice, 2006). This would translate into a decrease by around one third of money in circulation, and a reduction by one-third the price of the price of commodities. This adjustment period hampers the monetary trade, translating into large pay cuts and citizens not being able to afford basic amenities. This forces Companies to adjust their workforce salaries below the minimum wage rate (Wells & Krugman, 2009). It is worth denoting that a gigantic government debt should not be a bother to the citizens, as payment of this lump some debt will result to citizens bearing the complex consequences of an expensive lifestyle. It is imperative to state that a range of factors determine the coupon payment including the face value, frequency of payment and maturity of the bonds. It is vital to consider the yield on comparable investment plans in the loan repayment schedules. The government thus gets enough time to get value for the advanced loans before they are due for repayment (Pentecost, 2010). Considering the current market value of the bonds issued and debt owed, the government will pay a lower end sum amount than the amount formally lent. In case the bonds were issued to internal lenders, it significantly becomes clear that the money is ploughed back to the economy and money owed to the country’s citizens and held by the state in accomplishing fiscal objectives (Blinder and Baurnol 2010). Therefore, this implies that the size of government debt should not bother the citizens on its repayment manner as at times, the debt tends to be lower compared to the amount borrowed initially, implying that the remaining portion caters for a better and improved economy. The debt to income ratio (DTI) measures the government’s revenue that goes in settling debts (Dornbusch, Fischer & Startz, 2001). The government has a duty to cater for the welfare of its citizens and cannot collect enough revenue in taxes to cover for all the recurrent expenses, and physical developments. This necessitates for borrowing to meet the obligations and targets of the fiscal year. There is a need for

Orangic Milk or Regular Milk Essay Example for Free

Orangic Milk or Regular Milk Essay Is organic milk really that better for you? That was what I was thinking when we were discussing that in health class. Coach Deyo gave good ideas, but I still had my doubts. Because people have been drinking regular milk a long time and no one has died from it or didn’t get enough nutrients from it. So, why do people say organic milk is better for you. I was looking at a website called Men’s Health. It gives a few ideas about organic milk and regular milk. One thing said on the website made me think, why waste the money on organic milk if it doesn’t give you the effects you desire. â€Å"There are differences between organic and conventional milk production, but they may not have the effects consumers expect, says Thomas Overton, Ph. D. , associate professor of animal science at Cornell University. † After I read this I was thinking maybe it’s all in the consumers mind that organic is better for them. Maybe that’s what the organic milk farms want them to think. The website also states that you get the same stuff from organic milk in regular milk. â€Å"For one thing, it’s not any healthier. â€Å"An eight-ounce serving of regular milk offers the same nine essential nutrients—including calcium, vitamin D, and potassium—as a glass of organic milk,† Mangieri says. † So, people that say they drink organic milk because it’s healthier for you are not correct, it’s basically the same type of milk just the cows are feed differently. This is what I read that gave me that idea that the organic dairy cows are just fed differently than the regular milk cows. â€Å"Are fed only organic grains, free of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides; get at least 30 percent of their feed from pasture; aren’t treated with antibiotics, or with bovine growth hormone to increase milk production. † The website was talking about how organic dairy farms feed and treat their cows. In my opinion, that’s a good thing that they are being fed organic grains and not treated with growth hormones. But, why does it matter if it’s going to be the same kind of nutrients. Also I read in the website that both types of dairy farms have to go through a test for antibiotic residue. â€Å"There’s also no distinction in terms of unwanted ingredients. All organic and conventional milk is tested for antibiotic residue, and any milk that contains it is removed from the food supply. † In conclusion I think it’s all up to the consumer. If the consumer wants healthier milk for him or her, you could decide between both milks. If the consumer wants milk from a cow that’s fed and treated right then they should decide to get organic milk. But for me if I drank milk, I would decide to pick the one that gives you the nutrients you need and not break my wallet.

Study On The Visionary Of Leadership

Study On The Visionary Of Leadership A leader has a vision, humility and courage to learn and grow constantly and develop a vision of the future and a plan to achieve the vision by setting a direction which takes him to the success. Leadership makes ability in a person to do what they dont like and then they like to do it. In the Morden world only study of management will not help to solve the problems on the sufficient level. People who add the leadership role to their primary role have little or no need to fall back on the sanctions which support their authority. The organization culture and value depend on the quality leadership because the more important role of the leader is a motivation. In organization leadership increase the performance of other roles by motivation. Leadership has a critical role in the creation of successful organization. Leadership always related to outcomes and situational aspects. In organization leadership is an important factor (Arvonen, 2002; Yukl, 2006; Arnetz, 2005). Leadership theory traditionally included two dimensions derived from factor analysis. According to Arvonen, 2002 and Yukl, 2006 there are two dimensions relation and structure orientation. The balance between these dimensions as they relate to different desired organizational outcome and many researchers discussed about this from past several decades. Andersen 1995 says Leadership research assumes that leadership considerable influence people on organizational effectiveness but Winston Churchill define leadership concisely as a ability to influence people set aside their personal concerns and port a large agenda. Churchill made it clear that effective leaders motivate people to perform beyond and above the call of duty in order to enhance group success. Leadership effectiveness is not who exerts the most influence or who control the group. Churchill suggests that the leadership is the best source of the organizational competitive advantage. The other definition of leadership is that it is the act of engaging, satisfying and stimulating the motives of followers that take followers towards a mutually shared vision. This theory embraces three components; leader, followers and the context. There are different categories of leader which define different approaches of the leadership. Leaders who have vision, humility and courage makes them effective leader. This quality makes them visible and outstanding. They use their quality because they know what to do with themselves. Leader always has great relation with the people around him because the though power of leadership does not come from inside or personal character, its come when people love their leader and on the other hand leader must be a great supporter, encourager and he know what to do with their people, how they feel safe and the part of corporate community. Good leader always maintain proper communication and create effective leadership. Effective leader know how to use communication channels to create good environment in the organization. The very fearful communication channel in the organization is a clogged channel. Organization effectiveness or the root issue lies at the failure of the misunderstanding and the communication. Leader has to make a systematic work environment in the organization because leader knows that what is going on in the organization and he maintain the systemic or holistic picture of the organization. The big role of the leader in the organization is to help his people by systematic thinking. So different categories of the leaders make up components of the organization, the leader and the style of led and the most important is the connection between them that call as communication channel. The other category is to see organization in a systematic manner by different leadership style. Visionary Leadership The visionary leadership always joint to the disciple for the successful leadership. There are different type of leadership style which would help organization to move in a right way. Different types of leadership style have ability to change in the organization (Bas, 2002; Kanungo and Conger, 1998; Sashkin, 1998) the quality of visionary leadership is very much greater than before by estimating the change of the organization that will be a lot simply by some leaders. Need of vision The sustaining and sustainable vision is not something that can be built by a person or a group of a person in the organization. It shows the corporate future, which is something that could not be achieved by the few but can only be accomplished with synergy that emanates from the active participation of the all. The attainment of an organizational vision is based on the mobilisation of bias and the pursuit that mobilisation must be of the many not of the few. If the staffs work together on the task the organization can fulfil the goals that cant be achieve by one or two people. The characteristics of vision It is a comprehensive view of the future. It acts as a guide when dealing with uncertainty and complex events. It affords a means for overcoming employee inertia. It holds out the real prospect of the vision being changed and adapted. It indicates a change from the past and present to a new, dynamic future. It creates a context for individuals to locate their work schedules within a collective Framework. It draws people together in pursuit of a super ordinate goal. It provides a rationale for action. It presents a standard against which to judge and make choices. It serves as a means to align corporate activities. The characteristics of effective vision It meets the needs of the new, individual contribution, educated worker to be engaged in making valued, corporate efforts. It focuses energy on the outcome of collective effort and not simply upon the outcome of individual efforts. It depicts a whole, a totality, into which people can place themselves, their feelings and their attitudes. It unites and inspires people to make an extra effort in pursuit of collective and individual goals. It creates a positive attitude that people can expand in their own immediate work Environments. Literature Review The visionary leadership emerged in 1990 as a matter of utmost interest to go in various field including the education sector (Montagomery and Gowe 2003, Thomson 2003, Fehlis 2005), stazesky 2000, political science. The literature review of the management which include the origin, significant characteristics, visionary leadership process. The origin Mary Parker Follett has worked on the origin of visionary leadership, contribution, cooperation, group membership and participation as early as 75 years ago (McLamey and Rhyno 1990). Significant of leadership Significant of visionary leadership describe the success, growth of the corporate survival in the todays challenging environment. Determination of corporate success and failure According to Tellis (2006), the determination of corporate success and failure of the company is based on its internal culture. Likewisw has described the six leadership styles: visionary, affiliative, directive, coaching, participative and pace-setting. Peace-setting style is belongs to demotivating and low performing organization and the visionary, coaching, participative and affiliative styles present the high motivated and cultured organization. Visionary leadership as a powerful strategic device According to Chopra and Ahmad (2004, pp. 51-54) suggest that the visionary leaders share and express the organization mission and goals in a easy and simple way so that everybody can understand. Their vision statement is always in a tangible and easy understood way. Their vision and mission statement is to help for the management. Visionary leadership develop the clarity, flexibility and focus in the organization. It is use as a powerful strategic device for organization growth and to motivate the employees. Visionary leadership for full use of people potential Visionary leadership put people in to the highest possible realms of human potential. It helps to drive and awake the human inner strength and inspire the immense potential translation in to action. They spread the roots of their vision so that they take people in to the reality. They challenge, line between the inspired world and the material world of action. Stimulating innovation Based on Over 300 sample of company, Tellis and Chandi (1998) demonstrate that vision of the leader have put impact on the radical innova tion. According to Bob Webb (Motivation tool.com) visionary leader are building todays organizations and they are using human affects in a totally different way. Wal-Mart airlines give the beat example by moving responsibility to the frontline. By this decision employees got the full opportunity to develop their capability and the power of decision making. Characteristics of visionary leadership (convergent perspective) There are many convergent prospective of visionary leadership. According to Bennis (1990), the leaders of 21st century would have the power of creating the vision and turn that vision in to the reality. The leaders ensure that their followers are highly motivated and flexible to take necessary action to achieve the vision (White and Hodgson, 2002, p.184). Kahan (2002) says that visionary leadership is a transformative and power based inspiration; include the social responsibility as its modus operandi. Visionary leadership is to increase the performance. Westley and Mintzberg (1989) says that visionary leadership is a dynamic and its involves three stages- The vision of the desired future of the organization The vision should be shared and served Every follower must know that so they can enact the vision Starratt 1995 suggest that visionary leaders embrace with the sense of security and they know that one day the dream will come true. Vision gets shape according to sharing of the vision. Strong vision can define what will come and what will happen. Green (2006) says that visionary leaders are charismatic, super creative and inspiring with lots of possibilities that how vision can improve. They identify the contact and potential it into active energy. They try to find new ways of getting thing done. Malloy and Fontaine (2006) says that visionary leadership focuses on communication and clarity. Perspective of centre for visionary leadership Corinne McLaughlin (2006), executive director, centre for visionary leadership, asserts that visionary leader can see wonderful vision for the future. They have great inspiration with articulating as well as bringing those visions in to the world and transforming in the same way. They can effectively articulate their vision because they are creating specific goals. Leadership basically characterized by a clear inspirational vision, innovative action, commitment to core spiritual value and empowering relationship. Visionary leaders are equipped with a high level of commitment to spiritual values. They have a sense of energy and personal integrity. They are elevated by exercise more relation and the power. Moreover, the base of the leadership for them is inspirational positive picture of the future and the clear sense of direction in reaching there. They are marked of empowering relationship. They can create shared sense of vision. They transform paradigms or old mantel maps and evolve strategies which are outside the box of conventional thought. They focus on the opportunities not on the problems. The process of visionary leadership Visionary leadership comes as interactive, dynamic process and its available in a different forms. Westley and Mintzberg (1989) describe the visionary leadership by using the metaphor of drama. In the drama action and communication occur simultaneously. The audience, actor and the action and the ideas are all synchronized to form a united whole in the unfolding drama. Its all starts with the repetition. The actor has the excellent knowledge of the particular subject. Just as the actor rehearses for the moment they step on the stage, this moment of the vision is a visionary practice. This thought of vision is a leader communication. Leader creates all vision in to success, when repetition moves in performance. Westley and Mintzberg (1989) give the future assume that visionary leadership style comes in a varying form leader to leader and different variety of packages. The style of the leader may vary with the context in which it takes root and the content f the leaders vision. The theo ries of visionary leadership based on three assumptions; variety, dynamism and context/content. These three assumptions underpin their representation assistance model. The purpose of the study The empirical work on the visionary leadership is very little in India. Notwithstanding this lake of research literature, this is gratifying to suggest that in India. This assignment shows the visionary leadership quality of Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam at Defence Research and Development Laboratory. Dr. Kalam presented his visionary leadership at DRDL by changing its demotivating and low -performing climate into energizing and high performing climate. Dr. Kalam used indigenous management techniques at DRDL. Vision of Dr. Kalam in organization change (implementation and outcome) In 1982 Dr. Kalam was appointed as a director of DRDL in Hyderabad. At that time DRDL was working on five staff project and sixteen build up projects. DRDL was working on many technologies oriented activities to get lead time for future project. At time of joining Dr. Kalam saw the different problems in the DRDL and he starts working on that. The problems of DRDL were- The demotivating and old low performing climate was the big problem of the organization. The scientists of DRDL were frustrated with the devil missile project. They were thinking that ministry of defence cheated them and all senior officers using them for their profit. The Tactical core vehicle was also pending from long time. Dr. Kalam decided that or good work he has to built a healthy climate which include the confidence and trust. He used indigenous management theory to build up the high performance and high energize climate at DRDL. He provided clear direction and effective communication to the confused team so that every buddy has good understanding and its helped them to launch (IGMDP) Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme. After some time the team performance reached on high level because of indigenous technique used by Dr. Kalam. Focus on Inside and outside communication system Dr. Kalam focuses on the effective communication which was not in the DRDL. Dr. Kalam got a chance to improve the communication between government and scientists when Admiral O.S. Dawson, the chief of naval staff visited the DRDL. Dr. Kalam takes this opportunity to make two way trusts through effective communication. Dr. Kalam shows the product plan and the battlefield capability of Tactical Core Vehicle. Dr. Kalam focuses its sea skimming role rather than as single core vehicle as present earlier. This information passed to every scientist in the DRDL in this own words Do not make anything which you cannot sell later and do no spend your life on making one thing only. Missile developed is a multi dimensional business if you remain in any one dimension for a long time, you will get suck. Dr. Kalam spends time in interacting with people and explains the future goal of DRDL. He tries to connect this goal to the people life in DRDL. During this time he came to now that scientist at DR DL had a high level of determination and an urge to go ahead. In earlier project they show that they have high level of motivation, based on this Dr. Kalam started the reviews at DRDL at various level to accomplish the precise specification. He also start inviting the professionals from outside laboratory (IITS, CSIR, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research) to contribute an useful knowledge. Clear direction to the team Dr. Kalam worked with ISRO and there he learned about visionary leadership from great visionarys prof. Vikram Sarabhai and Prof. Satish Dhawan. Dr. Kalam learned how make mission larger than life and how motivate people to achieve that. With these professors he learned that you should dream before your dream come true some people do hard work there goal of life and other people not able to move their feet because the confuse about what they want in life and how to achieve that. This was power for Dr. Kalam in DRDL because he knows the potential capability of scientist and he knows that they can fulfil the expectation of the Ministry of Defence. Dr. Kalam had a very professional team of scientist in the laboratory but he knows that there is a lake of leadership and guidance in the team. Dr. Kalam visualized that to increase the RD activities in the DRDL, technological and technical problems must be taken promptly. To achieve the goal he took the major decision, he made missile technology community of senior scientist where different issue can be discussed and debate as a collective process. The idea behind this community is the participation of all level of scientist and engineers to manage the laboratory activities. The organizational climate of DRDL was improved constantly. The new climate of DRDL helps in to the birth of Integrated Guided Missile Development programme (IGMDP). Launch of guided missile programme After improvement in the laboratory culture DRDL came with the Guided Missile Programme. This successful program happened because of Dr. Kalams vision for development of technology. Dr. Kalam always asserted himself that know where we are going. The great thing in the world is not so much in knowing where we stand and which direction we are going. Its help to accomplishing the technological competence as compare to Weston countries. At DRDL it was like driving force for the people. To complete the production of indigenous missiles, chairman formed the community. All people at DRDL welcome this proposal. Dr. Kalam made a presentation and question answer session at south block, New Delhi. Dr. Kalam presents the proposal and Dr. V.S. Arunachalam, who is scientific advisor of the defence minister, support him fully when doubts about the proposal. After this presentation defence minister asked Dr. Kalam to meet him in the evening. Mr. Venketaraman suggests that DRDL is not just making missile in phases, DRDL launch integrated guided missile development program. Dr. Kalam and Dr. Arunachalam together rework on the plans throughout the night. When plan was shown to the defence minister, he was visibly pleased. The new proposal was put up before the cabinet and it was approved with an amount of Rs. 388 crores. At the missile technology community, Dr. Kalam shows the government sanction letter, every buddy was motivated for the work. On 27, 1983 IGMPD was formally launched in the great event and every employee participated in the big success. Vision of Dr. Kalam to accomplish beyond the collective national capability Great visionary Dr. Kalam knew that government given them the sanction letter but this is only a 10 per cent of work done. In this operation the leader required who can put his heart and soul into this programme and carry hundreds of engineer and scientist with them. Dr. Kalam was thing beyond the collective national capability. He was convinced if he wants to achieve his goal; his team should work on basis of probability. For this goal he uses the indigenous approach of management technology. The other approach includes in this: capable project leader, pro-active follow-up, technology-oriented structure, collaborative efforts, motivation for outstanding performance, empowerment and spiritual guidance. Dr Kalam shows his power of leadership to finish this project with his team. Locating capable project leaders Dr. Kalam starts looking for capable leaders for five individual missile projects. He needs a leader who knows the clear goal and has a capability to perceive the goal. He needs a leader who can give energy all the time to his team working on various working centres. He discussed with engineers and the scientist on the different prospective because he need five project directors to train who will train twenty five future project directors and team leaders. He needs leaders who had the capability to grow the possibilities and were equipped with patience to explore all possible alternatives, who can put old principals of ideas to the new situations. He want leader to be flexible who share his power with others and work in teams, give fresh opinions, listening to wise counsel, respect intelligent people and delegate good jobs. He thought the leader should be capable in making good environment and resolve the conflicts. Overall leader should be capable to take failure in their stride and share both success and failure. Dr. Kalam creates a science council to provide an emotional outlet to the scientists. His thought at DRDL, that scientists were highly emotional persons. If they stumble its very difficult for them to pull together. Disappointment and setbacks were always problem for them. Dr. Kalam did not want any of them to face problem alone. He stopped making goals for them when they were at the low abb. The all issue of general importance were discussed by the council very openly. That time all scientists used to sit together and take common decision. In every three month all scientists including juniors, seniors, veterans and freshers could sit together and let off steam. Changing the dynamics of DRDL by empowering scientist The 250 young engineers and scientist change the dynamic of DRDL because of leadership of Dr. Kalam. The outstanding performance contributing ingredients of this leadership which include: believing, positive thinking, visualising and goal setting. The team leader enthused the young engineers and scientist about this goal. In the review meeting, Dr. Kalam says that the young scientist shows the very good team work and we got help to visualizing whole system. He said that climate of confidence and trust gradually developed. The young scientists start questioning to the senior associate on different issues. This helps them to become persons of power. Dr. Kalam kept the work environment on the higher level. He shows that he has the experience of the old science which mixed with his skills. The dependence between the experience and the young scientist made a very productive environment in the DRDL. At the time of joining DRDL, Dr. Kalam knew that the motivating people to get outstanding results were a challenging task. The behaviour of the individual is based on the environment of the work place. Most people possessed strong inner drive of growth, self-actualization and competence. However, the biggest problem had been the work environment at DRDL. Dr Kalam visualized the leader can accomplish his task with outstanding performance if he get the proper job design and organizational structure, and by appreciating and recognizing excellent work. According to Dr. Kalam he got the supportive environment while launching IGMDP. At that time the project was in design phase. The first reorganization increases the level of DRDL at least 40 to 50 per cent. In the second reorganization process, he used motivational inventory available at that time. According to Dr. Kalam there are three ingredients of motivational inventory of leadership: understand the people need which they satisfy in their jobs; influencing the peoples behaviour by using the power of positive reinforcement; and design the job based motivation and understand its impact. The second reorganization was very complex exercise managed effectively by Dr. Kalam. The young scientist performed outstanding work such as a world class strap down internal guidance system. It was an effective demonstration of the renewal factor. Dr. Kalam given enthusiasm to the young mind and he got the outstanding performance. Accomplishment at DRDL On September 16, 1985 the first missile program took place. The test was successful. The success of the missile program at DRDL shows to all engineer and scientist that it happened because of the visionary leadership of Dr. Kalam. This was followed by the successful test by the pilotless targeted aircraft. On February 25, 1988 the DRDL launched the Prithvi missile. DRDL create an epoch making event in the history of rocketing in the country. By launching Prithvi missile DRDL give the basic model of all the future guided missile in the country. On May 22, 1989 DRDL give the perfect launched of Agni. After that DRDL became the finest laboratory for the world. This was the greatest moment for DRDL as well as for Dr. Kalam. The national defence became stronger after Agni launched. Overall success of DRDL is belonging to Dr. Kalam. The nation celebrated the success of its missile program very first on Republic day 1990. Dr. Kalam was awarded by Padma Shree. He retired from DRDL on 15 October 1991. DRDL got lots of success in his leadership and many successful changes when he was director. Still DRDL working on the same direction which Dr. Kalam shown to the company. Conclusion Dr. Kalam worked as a director of DRDL and he showed his brilliant visionary leadership at the company. He worked hard and tried to give his best for the DRDL. Dr. Kalam showed three different characteristics of his leadership style. He has very clear far reaching and encompassing vision. This vision embraced goals and ideas which remained constant no matter how long it took to actualize him despite difficulties which he encountered. Dr. Kalam never allowed any of the means of actions on the way to invalidate this vision and its constituent values. The second characteristic is that DR. Kalam was skilful in creating and designing appropriate organizational culture which helped him to achieve his ideas and vision. The design of such organizational culture was the most lasting contribution of Dr. Kalam. These cultures embodied enduring values, beliefs and vision which were shared by the organization members even subsequently. The third characteristic is that Dr. Kalam attracted others t o follow him in seeking attainment of the vision. Dr. Kalam is a charismatic person because he was able to instil in others beliefs, values and ideas of his vision so as to empower them to move beyond the expectations of Dr. Kalam and their own. Dr. Kalam demonstrate a high level of moral capacity and intellectual, over the long period of time, to maintain coherency between foals, short term action and long range if ideas. The visionary leadership style followed by Dr. Kalam and he shows how vision for exceptional results can be turned in to reality by sharing with the people and for outperform we have to inspire them. The new age leaders need to understand that outstanding performance can be accomplish by having utmost focus on organizational climate, organizational structure, quality of leadership, job deign effective communication, proactive follow up, empowerment, collaboration, internal motivation, team work and spirituality. Plan for future development of my own leadership After analysing of some practical and theoretical aspects of leadership styles I constructed a list of list of desired visionary leadership style, which should be developed be me, to go higher level of leadership capability. To become the leader of 21st century I must see the leaders work, especially those engaged in the task of development which involving management of technology globally. The performance of the organization depends on its climate. I must diagnose this problem and find a de motivating and low performing climate in the organization and I must make concerted effort gradually to transform it into a high performance and energizing climate. I should use effective communication which include inside and outside interaction. I must share my vision with the people and discuss the clear goal of organization. As a leader I must work in a team and provide the proper direction toward people have to move. Participation in management I can use to involve people in the affairs of the organization. As a leader to accomplish outstanding performance I must assess the existing structure of my organization. I should see the source of full utilization of human resource and effective way to achieve the goals. I must evolve a suitable structure with a comprehensive discussion with the people. To become a good leader I should grow with the possibilities, I should share my power with the people and work in a team, grow my capability to resolve the conflicts and carry people with me and channelize their energy towards the goal. I must respect people and delegate work of worthy of their talents to them. As leader I must make arrangement in the organization to provide emotional outlet to the people and help them to release their day to day disappointment and setbacks so that people can express their view points freely and the issue of general importance. I should use pro active follow up activity for repaid growth. If required I must develop collaboration between the organizational units and outside organizations. To improve the future organizational climate of my company and to get outstanding performance I must focus on the goal setting, visualizing, believing and positive thinking. I can do this by empower young people. As leader I have to understand that there exists an internal motivation with in individuals which can be taken to the attainment of outstanding performance. This can be done by job designs to satisfy higher order needs of people. I need to use my super power to accomplish my outstanding performance like Dr. Kalam. So to become a good leader I must consider all theories of leadership and the great leader how create new ways to make people follow them.